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Thank you and good luck.
Eric Morris
President
Sheffield School of Aeronautics

1. Which condition produces weather on the lee side of a large lake?

Warm air flowing over a colder lake may produce fog.
Cold air flowing over a warmer lake may produce advection fog.
Warm air flowing over a cool lake may produce rain showers.

2. How can the stability of the atmosphere be determined?

Ambient temperature lapse rate.
Atmospheric pressure at various levels.
Surface temperature/dewpoint spread.

3. Which weather phenomenon signals the beginning of the mature stage of a thunderstorm?

The appearance of an anvil top.
The start of rain at the surface.
Growth rate of the cloud is at its maximum.

4. During the life cycle of a thunderstorm, which stage is characterized predominately by downdrafts?

Cumulus.
Dissipating.
Mature.

5. What feature is normally associated with the cumulus stage of a thunderstorm?

Beginning of rain at the surface.
Frequent lightning.
Continuous updraft.

6. What is indicated by the term "embedded thunderstorms"?

Severe thunderstorms are embedded in a squall line.
Thunderstorms are predicted to develop in a stable air mass.
Thunderstorms are obscured by other types of clouds.

7. Where do squall lines most often develop?

In an occluded front.
Ahead of a cold front.
Behind a stationary front.

8. Where can the maximum hazard zone caused by wind shear associated with a thunderstorm be found?

in front of the thunderstorm cell (anvil side) and on the southwest side of the cell.
Ahead of the roll cloud or gust front and directly under the anvil cloud.
On all sides and directly under the thunderstorm cell.

9. Atmospheric pressure changes due to a thunderstorm will be at the lowest value

during the downdraft and heavy rain showers.
when the thunderstorm is approaching.
immediately after the rain showers have stopped.

10. Why are downdrafts in a mature thunderstorm hazardous?

Downdrafts are kept cool by cold rain which tends to accelerate the downward velocity.
Downdrafts converge toward a central location under the storm after striking the surface.
Downdrafts become warmer than the surrounding air and reverse into an updraft before reaching the surface.

11. What is a difference between an air mass thunderstorm and a steady-state thunderstorm?

Air mass thunderstorms produce precipitation which falls outside of the updraft.
Air mass thunderstorm downdrafts and precipitation retard and reverse the updrafts.
Steady-state thunderstorms are associated with local surface heating.

12. Which type storms are most likely to produce funnel clouds or tornadoes?

Air mass thunderstorms.
Cold front or squall line thunderstorms.
Storms associated with icing and supercooled water.

13. When advection fog has developed, what may tend to dissipate or lift the fog into low stratus clouds?

Temperature inversion.
Wind stronger than 15 knots.
Surface radiation.

14. Which conditions are necessary for the formation of upslope fog?

Moist, stable air being moved over gradually rising ground by a wind.
A clear sky, little or no wind, and 100 percent relative humidity.
Rain failing through stratus clouds and a 10- to 25-knot wind moving the precipitation up the slope.

15. How are haze layers cleared or dispersed?

By convective mixing in cool night air.
By wind or the movement of air.
By evaporation similar to the clearing of fog.

16. Which feature is associated with the tropopause?

Absence of wind and turbulence.
Absolute upper limit of cloud formation.
Abrupt change of temperature lapse rate.

17. Which type cloud is associated with violent turbulence and a tendency toward the production of funnel clouds?

Cumulonimbus mamma.
Standing lenticular.
Stratocumulus.

18. A clear area in a line of thunderstorm echoes on a radar scope indicates

the absence of clouds in the area.
an area of no convective turbulence.
an area where precipitation drops are not detected.

19. When flying over the top of a severe thunderstorm, the cloud should be overflown by at least

1,000 feet for each 10 knots windspeed.
2,500 feet.
500 feet above any moderate to severe turbulence layer.

20. What type weather change is to be expected in an area where frontolysis is reported?

The frontal weather is becoming stronger.
The front is dissipating.
The front is moving at a faster speed.

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