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Thank you and good luck.
Eric Morris
President
Sheffield School of Aeronautics

1. Maximum downdrafts; in a microburst encounter may be as strong as

8,000 ft/min.
7,000 ft/min.
6,000 ft/min.

2. An aircraft that encounters a headwind of 45 knots, within a microburst, may expect a total shear across the microburst of

40 knots.
80 knots.
90 knots.

3. (Refer to Microburst figure below.) If involved in a microburst encounter, in which aircraft positions will the most severe downdraft occur?

4 and 5.
2 and 3.
3 and 4.

Figure - Microburst

4. (Refer to figure above.) When penetrating a microburst, which aircraft will experience an increase in performance without a change in pitch or power?

3.
2.
1.

5. (Refer to figure above.) What effect will a microburst encounter have upon the aircraft in position 3?

Decreasing headwind.
Increasing tailwind.
Strong downdraft.

6. (Refer to figure above.) What effect will a microburst encounter have upon the aircraft in position 4?

Strong tailwind.
Strong updraft.
Significant performance increase.

7. (Refer to figure above.) How will the aircraft in position 4 be affected by a microburst encounter?

Performance increasing with a tailwind and updraft.
Performance decreasing with a tailwind and downdraft.
Performance decreasing with a headwind and downdraft.

8. What is the expected duration of an individual microburst?

Two minutes with maximum winds lasting approximately 1 minute.
One microburst may continue for as long as 2 to 4 hours.
Seldom longer than 15 minutes from the time the burst strikes the ground until dissipation.

9. What is an important characteristic of wind shear?

It is primarily associated with the lateral vortices generated by thunderstorms.
It usually exists only in the vicinity of thunderstorms, but may be found near a strong temperature inversion.
It may be associated with either a wind shift or a windspeed gradient at any level in the atmosphere.

A downburst is located at the center of the airport.
Wake turbulence exists on the west side of the active runway.
There is a possibility of wind shear over or near the airport.

11. Under what conditions would clear air turbulence (CAT) most likely be encountered?

When constant pressure charts show 20-knot isotachs less than 60 NM apart.
When constant pressure charts show 60-knot isotachs less than 20 NM apart.
When a sharp trough is moving at a speed less than 20 knots.

12. What action is recommended when encountering turbulence due to a wind shift associated with a sharp pressure trough?

Establish a course across the trough.
Climb or descend to a smoother level.
increase speed to get out of the trough as soon as possible.

13. In comparison to an approach in a moderate headwind, which is an indication of a possible wind shear due to a decreasing headwind when descending on the glide slope?

Less power is required.
Higher pitch attitude is required.
Lower descent rate is required.

14. Which action is recommended if jetstream turbulence is encountered with a direct headwind or tailwind?

Increase airspeed to get out of the area quickly.
Change course to fly on the polar side of the jetstream.
Change altitude or course to avoid a possible elongated turbulent area.

15. Which action is recommended regarding an altitude change to get out of jetstream turbulence?

Descend if ambient temperature is failing.
Descend if ambient temperature is rising.
Maintain altitude if ambient temperature is not changing.

16. Clear air turbulence (CAT) associated with a mountain wave may extend as far as

1,000 miles or more downstream of the mountain.
5,000 feet above the tropopause.
100 miles or more upwind of the mountain.

17. Turbulence encountered above 15,000 feet AGL, not associated with cloud formations, should be reported as

convective turbulence.
high altitude turbulence.
clear air turbulence.

18. What is a likely location of clear air turbulences?

in an upper trough on the polar side of a jetstream.
Near a ridge aloft on the equatorial side of a high pressure flow.
Downstream of the equatorial side of a jetstream.

19. Which type jetstrearn can be expected to cause the greater turbulence?

A straight jetstream associated with a high pressure ridge.
A jetstream associated with a wide isotherm spacing.
A curving jetstream associated with a deep low pressure trough.

20. To allow pilots of in-trail lighter aircraft to make flight path adjustments to avoid wake turbulence, pilots of heavy and large jet aircraft should fly

below the established glidepath and slightly to either side of the on-course centerline.
on the established glidepath and on the approach course centerline or runway centerline extended.
above the established glidepath and slightly downwind of the on-course centerline.

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